Install MySQL server + PHP + phpMyAdmin

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Note

• 7 Nov 2023: Changing transaction_isolation.
• 8 Jan 2020: Configuring MySQL-server updated. Removing completely MySQL added.
• 6 Jan 2020: Updated.
• 8 May 2019: References to PHP5 deleted. Secure installation added. Root user authentication added. automysqlbackup added.
• 25 Dec 2014: First created.

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Intro

MySQL is a database server.

PHP (PHP5 before Ubuntu 16.04) is a web page programming language.

phpMyAdmin is a web interface to administer the MySQL server.

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Install MySQL-server

Execute:

$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install mysql-server
$ sudo systemctl start mysql.service
$ sudo systemctl status mysql.service

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Config MySQL-server

(section added, 8 May 2019)

Execute:

$ sudo mysql_secure_installation

Enter new root password for the first time or the existing root password.

When answering the secure installation questions:

• validate password component - yes
• set password validation policy - 2 for MEDIUM
• set password strength - high
• change the password for root - yes or no as appropriate
• set new password - as appropriate
• re-enter new password -
• continue with the password - yes or no as appropriate
• remove anonymous users - yes
• disallow root login remotely - no
• remove test database - yes
• reload privilege table now - yes

(steps updated, 8 Jan 2022)

(suggested answers added, 6 Jan 2020)

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Adjust authentication for use with phpMyAdmin

(section added, 8 May 2019)

If not done, the phpMyAdmin menu would not provide a choice to add users.

Execute:

$ sudo mysql -u root -p

enter the root user's password when prompted.

Execute:

mysql> SELECT user,plugin FROM mysql.user;

It will show that the root user's authentication plugin is "auth_socket".

Execute:

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '<root user password>';
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
mysql> SELECT user,plugin FROM mysql.user;

(semi colon added after "PRIVILEGES", 6 Jan 2020)

It should show that the root user's authentication plugin has been changed to "mysql_nature_password".

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Install PHP and related apache2 module

Execute:

$ sudo apt install php libapache2-mod-php

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Install phpMyAdmin

Execute:

$ sudo apt install phpmyadmin

Set its own password.

Choose whether to keep the existing database whenever phpmyadmin is removed and re-installed.

Enable Apache2 config:

$ sudo ln -s /etc/phpmyadmin/apache.conf /etc/apache2/conf-available/phpmyadmin.conf
$ sudo a2enconf phpmyadmin.conf

Whenever Apache2 has been purged and re-installed, this enabling must be done again.

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Restart Apache2 service:

Execute:

$ sudo systemctl restart apache2.service

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Create a database user and a database

Execute:

 http://localhost/phpmyadmin
  or
 http://www.kctang.com.hk/phpmyadmin

Enter login name and password.

Create a user called <name, e.g. Drupal8> together with a database also called <name>:

• click "Users" at the top menu bar
• click "Add user" at the page middle
• enter <name> at the User name entry
• select "Local" at the Host entry
• enter and re-type the password
• click "Create database with same name and grant all privileges"
• click "Go" at the bottom

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Install automysqlbackup

(section added, 8 May 2019)

The software will backup mySQL databases daily, weekly and monthly.

Execute to install:

$ sudo apt install automysqlbackup

Edit the configuration file:

$ sudo gedit /etc/default/automysqlbackup

Specify:

BACKUPDIR="/var/lib/automysqlbackup" as the backup directory

MAILCONTENT="log" to send log email

MAILADDR="root" to send the email to root user, which has been set under Postfix Aliases to re-direct to the appropriate user.

Execute to run for the first time:

$ sudo automysqlbackup

Inspect daily backups:

$ sudo ls /var/lib/automysqlbackup/daily

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Set transaction_isolation to READ COMMITTED

(section added, 6 Nov 2023)

To suit Drupal 10, change the transaction_isolation from "REPEATABLE READ" to "READ COMMITTED".

Execute:

$ sudo mysql -u root -p

enter the root user's password when prompted.

Execute:

mysql> SET GLOBAL TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ COMMITTED;

mysql> SELECT @@GLOBAL.transaction_isolation;

The first command is to set. The second command is to verify.

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Remove mySQL completely

(section added, 8 Jan 2022)

sudo systemctl stop mysql.service
sudo apt purge mysql*
sudo apt autoremove                    (optional)
sudo apt autoclean                     (optional)
sudo apt remove dbconfig-mysql
sudo rm -r /var/lib/mysql
sudo rm -r /log/mysql
sudo rm -r /etc/mysql
sudo deluser mysql

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